Air raid shelters in Lugo during the postwar period in Spain (1943-1944). Projects, features and examples

Authors

  • Francisco Xabier Louzao Martínez ETS Arquitectura A Coruña

Keywords:

Air raid shelters, Spanish Civil War, World War II, Lugo, passive defense

Abstract

In the course of a consultation about building licenses granted by the Lugo city council in 1943, a surprising number of air raid shelter projects included in buildings for housing purposes came into view. Their significance becomes evident by the fact that they were all collected in a specific booklet as independent projects to be completed within a single building. Their location on the first floors or preferably in basements is due to the situation experienced by the country as the course of WWII started to change in favor of the allied troops. After the creation of the Passive Defense Board in 1941 to protect the civilian population against air raids, in July 1943 the construction of shelters in new buildings became regulated in all urban centers with more than 20,000 inhabitants, hence these projects. Franco's Spain had been until then a possible target for the Allied side -a concern accentuated after the invasion of Italy in May 1943-, so it was decided to carry out this type of work, in the face of possible allied incursions. A threat which seems to have quickly diluted, seeing as these projects did not go beyond the aforementioned year.

Through these requests for works in residential buildings it was possible to determine the location of the latter, even if most of them no longer exist as these buildings were replaced by other more modern ones. It was this fact that led to this unprecedented research, unearthing a hitherto unknown element of the city of Lugo and at the same time highlighting its militarized past long after the Spanish Civil War over in an attempt to anticipate or at least prevent as far as possible an allied invasion that never took place. Thus, this paper is intended to contribute to a better knowledge of this type of structures as a complement to others focused mainly on a Catalan, Levantine or Madrid geographical framework -although not exclusively-, linked to a large extent to the moments immediately prior to the Spanish Civil War.

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Author Biography

  • Francisco Xabier Louzao Martínez, ETS Arquitectura A Coruña

    Doctor en Geografía e Historia por la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, donde obtiene el título en la especialidad de Arte Moderno y Contemporáneo. Su tesis doctoral, sobre la platería en la diócesis de Lugo, señala una de sus líneas de investigación. Libros y artículos de esta temática configuran parte de sus publicaciones en los primeros tiempos, abriéndose posteriormente a nuevos campos. Estos se centran especialmente en la arquitectura popular gallega y en el estudio y catalogación de los cruceiros de la comunidad. Ha participado recientemente en congresos sobre patrimonio industrial, con el tema de las curtidurías lucenses y el matadero industrial FRIGSA. Es profesor de la Universidade da Coruña, en el área de Composición de la Escuela de Arquitectura.

References

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Archivo Municipal de Lugo (AMLu), Actas.

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Published

2023-06-27

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 24 (2023): Guerra y derecho en América Latina: entre las disposiciones y las prácticas; entre la excepción y la norma (siglo XIX)

Section

Estudios

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How to Cite

Air raid shelters in Lugo during the postwar period in Spain (1943-1944). Projects, features and examples. (2023). Revista Universitaria De Historia Militar, 12(24), 238-267. https://ruhm.bdtopten.com/index.php/RUHM/article/view/835

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